American grammar: race, education, and the building of a nation

Introduction: Susan's mark

Part I: A new origin story of American schooling. 1819: A crossroads in early US education

Federal funding for native schooling in the nineteenth century

Anti-literacy laws and the roots of antiblack education policy

Native land, Black labor, and the development of schooling as a White good

Part II: Education and the American Indian wars. The aims of native schooling for an expanding settler nation

Settler schooling as an act of war

'Boarding school is now the ancestor'

Native student resistance and the roots of Native American literature.

Part III: Black education in Indian territory. Race, slavery, and education among the five 'civilized' tribes

Black education in the post-removal chaos of Indian territory

A creek school becomes a barracks for the confederate army

Education and freedmen futurity among the five tribes

Part IV: Booker T. Washington and the founding racial triad. Booker T. Washington: A monumental American life

Slavery and settler colonialism in the educational world of Booker T. Washington, 1856-1872

'Black race and red race' at Hampton Institute , 1872-1881

A Sioux student, a black principal, and the US President

Conclusion: The presence of history in the future(s) of American education

Acknowledgments

Notes

Index.